Nazi ideology based human beings' worth on their productivity, and forced labor became a fundamental and pervasive element of Nazi persecution. The Nazis used forced labor as a way to enrich the regime while humiliating and punishing their victims, literally working many people to death.
forced labor
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Artistic Responses to Persecution
Jewish Perspectives on the Holocaust"Song of the Oppressed"
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Wartime Jewish Press
Jewish Perspectives on the Holocaust"The Program of the Ghetto Newspaper"
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Objects of Memory
Jewish Perspectives on the HolocaustCamp Prisoner Uniform Jacket Worn by William Luksenburg
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Jewish Community Documents
Jewish Perspectives on the HolocaustCircular Letter of the Aid Center for Jews
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Experiences of Forced Labor in Wartime Europe
Everyday Life: Roles, Motives, and Choices During the HolocaustCircular on Preventing Prisoner Escapes
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Holocaust Diaries
Jewish Perspectives on the HolocaustDeposition of Pesakh Burshteyn
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Holocaust Diaries
Jewish Perspectives on the HolocaustDiary of Đura Rajs
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Holocaust Diaries
Jewish Perspectives on the HolocaustDiary of Jechiel Górny
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Artists and Visual Culture in Wartime Europe
Everyday Life: Roles, Motives, and Choices During the HolocaustErzsébet Frank, "The Welders"
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Experiences of Forced Labor in Wartime Europe
Everyday Life: Roles, Motives, and Choices During the HolocaustFilm of Forced Laborers in Transit
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Post-Holocaust Testimony
Jewish Perspectives on the HolocaustGaston Guez, "Our Martyrs"
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Soviet POWs in German Captivity
Belonging and Exclusion: Reshaping Society under Nazi RuleInterview with Lev Manevich
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Experiences of Forced Labor in Wartime Europe
Everyday Life: Roles, Motives, and Choices During the HolocaustLabor Deployment of Soviet Prisoners of War
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Objects of Memory
Jewish Perspectives on the HolocaustLeather Bouquet of Flowers Made in Bergen-Belsen
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Experiences of Forced Labor in Wartime Europe
Everyday Life: Roles, Motives, and Choices During the HolocaustLetter from a Forced Laborer to Her Family
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Experiences of Forced Labor in Wartime Europe
Everyday Life: Roles, Motives, and Choices During the HolocaustLetter from Antonina Sidielnik Intercepted by German Authorities
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Wartime Correspondence
Jewish Perspectives on the HolocaustLetter from Sarah Froiman to her Friends and Brother
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Wartime Correspondence
Jewish Perspectives on the HolocaustLetter from Zbigniew Kelhoffer to Sydonia Kelhoffer
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Experiences of Forced Labor in Wartime Europe
Everyday Life: Roles, Motives, and Choices During the HolocaustMemo on Pregnancies among Forced Laborers
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Artistic Responses to Persecution
Jewish Perspectives on the HolocaustNastia Kronenberg, HASAG poem
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Jewish Community Documents
Jewish Perspectives on the HolocaustNote Regarding the German Policy of Deliberate Annihilation of European Jewry
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Medical Care, Nazism, and the Holocaust
Everyday Life: Roles, Motives, and Choices During the HolocaustOral History with Marie Ondrášová
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Concentration Camp Prisoners
Belonging and Exclusion: Reshaping Society under Nazi RuleOral History with Ron Jones
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Experiences of Forced Labor in Wartime Europe
Everyday Life: Roles, Motives, and Choices During the HolocaustOral History with Rose Brunswic
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Artists and Visual Culture in Wartime Europe
Everyday Life: Roles, Motives, and Choices During the HolocaustPage from the Wartime Album of George Byfield
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Experiences of Forced Labor in Wartime Europe
Everyday Life: Roles, Motives, and Choices During the HolocaustPhotograph of Jews Cleaning Streets in Vienna
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Experiences of Forced Labor in Wartime Europe
Everyday Life: Roles, Motives, and Choices During the HolocaustPhotograph of Ukrainian Women Brought to Germany as Forced Laborers
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Objects of Memory
Jewish Perspectives on the HolocaustPortrait of a German Girl in a Handmade Frame
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Roma and Sinti in Nazi Germany
Belonging and Exclusion: Reshaping Society under Nazi RulePostwar Testimony of the Hodoschi Family
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Everyday Encounters with Fascism
Everyday Life: Roles, Motives, and Choices During the HolocaustPublic Humiliation of a Young Couple
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Gendered Experiences of Jewish Persecution
Jewish Perspectives on the HolocaustRecipes from the Cookbook of Eva Ostwalt
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Experiences of Forced Labor in Wartime Europe
Everyday Life: Roles, Motives, and Choices During the HolocaustReport on the Rühen Home for Children of Forced Laborers
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Post-Holocaust Testimony
Jewish Perspectives on the HolocaustSamson Först, "Der Grager"
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Post-Holocaust Testimony
Jewish Perspectives on the HolocaustShoah Outtake with Ruth Elias
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Objects of Memory
Jewish Perspectives on the HolocaustSilver Cup Made in a Labor Camp
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Artists and Visual Culture in Wartime Europe
Everyday Life: Roles, Motives, and Choices During the HolocaustTheresienstadt: A Documentary Film, 1944
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Concentration Camp Prisoners
Belonging and Exclusion: Reshaping Society under Nazi RuleTin Pail Made by a Prisoner in a Forced Labor Camp
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Gendered Experiences of Jewish Persecution
Jewish Perspectives on the HolocaustUSHMM Oral History with Ester Grun
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The Holocaust and the Moving Image
Jewish Perspectives on the HolocaustWerner Breslauer, Westerbork Deportation Footage